Two adults of 55 can have biological ages of 45 and 70 respectively. The one with a biological age of 45 has the cardiovascular function, muscle mass, metabolic rate, inflammatory burden, and mobility of an average 45-year-old. The one with a biological age of 70 has already accumulated the physiological changes that most people develop a decade and a half later. Chronological age tells you how long you have been alive. Biological age tells you how well your body is functioning relative to the population average.
What Is Assessed in a Biological Age Evaluation
- Body composition: muscle mass as a percentage of body weight is one of the strongest individual predictors of biological age
- Metabolic indicators: resting metabolic rate, visceral fat rating, and metabolic age from bioelectrical impedance
- Cardiovascular fitness: resting heart rate and estimated VO2max from functional testing
- Grip strength: highly correlated with biological age and all-cause mortality; measured objectively
- Movement quality: range of motion and motor control as indicators of musculoskeletal biological age
- Inflammatory status: self-reported pain, fatigue, and recovery indicators correlated with inflammatory burden
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